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Law of the land
The phrase ''law of the land'' is a legal term, equivalent to the Latin ''lex terrae'', or ''legem terrae'' in the accusative case.〔 It refers to all of the laws in force within a country or region,〔''(Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary of Law )'', p. 282 (Merriam-Webster 1996): “The established law of a nation or region”.〕〔 Hill, Gerald and Hill, Kathleen. ''(Nolo’s Plain-English Law Dictionary )'' (2009): “The body of rules, regulations, and laws that govern a country or jurisdiction. The United States Constitution declares itself 'the supreme law of the land.'"〕〔Wild, Susan. ''(Webster's New World Law Dictionary )'' (Wiley 2010): “The laws effective in a particular nation.”〕〔Joshi, Sudhanshu. ''(Dictionary on Legal Terms )'', p. 98 (Excel Books India 2011): “slang term for existing laws”.〕 including common law.〔''Blacks Law Dictionary'', p. 822 (5th ed. 1979) (defining ''lex terrae'' as "The law of the land. The common law, or the due course of the common law; the general law of the land. Equivalent to 'due process of law.' In the strictest sense, trial by oath; the privilege of making oath.")〕
==Use in Magna Carta==
In the year 1215 this term was used in Magna Carta. Perhaps the most famous clause of Magna Carta states:
No Freeman shall be taken or imprisoned, or be disseised of his Freehold, or Liberties, or free Customs, or be outlawed, or exiled, or any other wise destroyed; nor will We not pass upon him, nor condemn him, but by lawful judgment of his Peers, or by the ''Law of the Land''.〔(Magna Carta ) (1297).〕
This is sometimes called the "law of the land clause". Magna Carta was originally written in Latin, and the Latin term is ''lex terrae'', or ''legem terrae'' in the accusative case (i.e. when the term is being used as the object in a sentence).〔Black, Henry. ''A Law Dictionary'', page 709 (West Publishing 1910).〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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